Prácticas de autocuidado al momento de comprar víveres y frecuencia de consumo de alimentos en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19 de familias de la ciudad de La Paz y El Alto, 2021 / Self-care practices when buying grocery and frequency of food consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic of families in the city of La Paz and El Alto, 2021

OBJETIVO: determinar las prácticas de autocuidado al momento de comprar víveres y frecuencia de consumo de alimentos en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19 de familias de la ciudad de La Paz y El Alto, 2021. MATERIALES Y MÉTODO: se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo observacional serie de casos, 179 adultos de la ciudad de El Alto y 237 de la ciudad de La Paz. Se utilizó una encuesta de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos y para describir las prácticas de autocuidado al momento de comprar víveres se tomó como criterio las recomendaciones para la compra de víveres según la OMS ante el COVID-19. RESULTADOS: el 42.5% tienen un consumo menos de 2 porciones de verduras y frutas, el 38.5% de la ciudad de El Alto y el 36.7% de la ciudad de La Paz tienen una frecuencia diaria de consumo de verduras y frutas. El 24.6% manifiestan rara vez haber consumido palta, el 35.8% consume pescado de 1 a 3 veces al mes. El 35.2% declaran evitar aglomeraciones cuando va al mercado o tiendas para la compra de alimentos. El 66% lleva desinfectante y uso de mascarilla para ir al mercado o tienda. El 60.9% siempre se lava las manos y realiza desinfección de alimentos cuando regresa del mercado o tienda. CONCLUSIONES: A medida que avanza la edad la cantidad de fruta, verduras, frutos secos, prebióticos y probióticos se consume menos. Algunas medidas de bioseguridad al momento de comprar alimentos no se cumplen.

OBJECTIVE: to determine the self-care practices when buying groceries and the frequency of food consumption in times of the COVID-19 pandemic of families in the city of La Paz and El Alto, 2021. MATERIALS AND METHOD: a descriptive observational case series study was carried out, 179 adults from the city of El Alto and 237 from the city of La Paz. A food consumption frequency survey was used and to describe self-care practices when buying groceries, the recommendations for the purchase of groceries according to the WHO against COVID-19 were taken as criteria. RESULTS: 42.5% have a consumption less than 2 servings of vegetables and fruits, 38.5% of the city of El Alto and 36.7% of the city of La Paz have a daily frequency of consumption of vegetables and fruits. 24.6% say they have rarely consumed avocado, 35.8% consume fish 1 to 3 times a month. 35.2% state that they avoid crowds when they go to the market or stores to buy food. 66% carry disinfectant and wear a mask to go to the market or store. 60.9% always wash their hands and disinfect food when they return from the market or store. CONCLUSIONS: as age advances, the amount of fruit, vegetables, nuts, prebiotics and probiotics is consumed less. Some biosecurity measures when buying food are not followed.

Association between metabolic syndrome and Chinese healthy eating index in a community population of Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Objective:To study the association between metabolic syndrome （MS） and Chinese healthy eating index （CHEI）， and to identify the beneficial or adverse effects of diets on MS in a community population of Shanghai. Methods:Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria， the data of 4 856 subjects from a community in Shanghai was collected by interview. Total CHEI score and its component score were calculated based on the frequency of food consumption. Physical examination and blood biochemical tests were used to diagnose MS. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between MS or relative indexes and the total CHEI score or its component score. Results:The study showed the overall prevalence of MS was 24.71%. There were significant differences between MS group and controls （P<0.05） in age， BMI， waist circumference， fasting blood glucose， triglycerides， total cholesterol， systolic blood pressure， diastolic blood pressure， glycated hemoglobin， high-density lipoprotein and energy intake. After adjusting for potential confounders， it showed that the higher total CHEI score， the lower risk of central obesity， increased diastolic blood pressure， increased glycated hemoglobin， hyperglycemic and MS （P<0.05）. The increase in component score of potatoes， milk， beans， dark vegetables， fruits， oil and sodium reduced risk of obesity， hypertension， hyperglycemia， dyslipidemia and MS （P<0.05）. Conclusion:The quality of healthy diet （CHEI score more than 80） and increased intake of specific dietary components （potatoes， milk， beans， dark vegetables， fruits） reduce the risk of MS effectively.